Wildlife Health Update
Rabies vs. Distemper
Written by Cassie Tessier
Hospital Manager & Certified Wildlife Rehabilitator
Understanding What We’re Seeing in Raccoons This Year
So far this year, Peace River Wildlife Center has admitted 102 raccoons, an unusually high number compared to the 28 we admitted during the same period last year. The overwhelming majority of these patients have been exhibiting signs consistent with canine distemper virus, a serious disease affecting wildlife.
Common Signs We’re Seeing
Many of these raccoons arrive unable to survive on their own. Distemper affects multiple body systems, and the signs can vary depending on how far the disease has progressed. Some of the most common signs we see include:
• Disorientation or appearing “confused”
• Wandering aimlessly or circling
• Being active during the daytime
• Lack of fear of people or surroundings
• Difficulty walking, stumbling, or loss of coordination
• Tremors or seizures
• Nasal and eye discharge
• Severe weight loss, dehydration, and weakness
Canine distemper is a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems. As the disease progresses, it damages the brain and suppresses the immune system, leaving animals unable to function normally or compete for food.
Distemper vs. Rabies
Because distemper affects the nervous system, its symptoms can sometimes resemble rabies. However, distemper is far more commonly seen in raccoons. Rabies is a separate virus transmitted through saliva that also affects the brain and nervous system. Wildlife species such as raccoons are considered rabies reservoir species, and any potential exposure is taken seriously and evaluated by public health authorities.
What This Means for Pets and Public Safety
Canine distemper does not infect humans, but it can affect unvaccinated dogs. Routine vaccinations provide excellent protection, and vaccinated pets are at very low risk. Avoiding direct contact between pets and wildlife is always recommended.
Raccoons exhibiting neurological illness may appear unusually calm, disoriented, or unaware of their surroundings. While this behavior is typically the result of severe illness, these animals are vulnerable and require professional care.
If you observe a raccoon or other wildlife showing these symptoms, please contact Peace River Wildlife Center so trained staff can assess and respond appropriately.
Monitoring an Unusual Year
Distemper outbreaks tend to occur in cycles, especially when raccoon populations are high, allowing the virus to spread more easily between individuals. The number of cases we’ve seen so far this year is higher than usual and reflects a broader disease event affecting local wildlife.
Our team continues to monitor these trends closely. Each patient helps us better understand the health of our native wildlife and the challenges they face.
What To Do If You Encounter a Sick Raccoon
If you are bitten or scratched by a raccoon, wash the wound immediately with soap and water and seek medical attention right away.
Peace River
Wildlife Center
Phone: 941-637-3830
Charlotte County
Animal Control
Phone: 941-833-5690
Charlotte County Health Department
Phone: 941-624-7200
Guidance based on recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Florida Department of Health.
